Signals from the brain send messages through the spinal cord to constrict blood vessels and raise the heart rate to keep the blood pressure and heart rate normal. The brain normally controls blood pressure and heart rate.
Neurogenic shock (low heart rate and low blood pressure) Families are welcomed to be involved in helping you use the incentive spirometer. The nurse or therapist will help you to set goals for using this breathing device. You can see on the device how much air is being taken into the lungs. You may also be asked to use an incentive spirometer, a plastic breathing device. If you are not on a ventilator, you will be encouraged to cough and deep breathe hourly while awake to help keep the lungs healthy and prevent infection. As they get better, a talking trach may be used. At first, a person will not be able to talk while the trach is in place. It will make it easier to cough up phlegm and for the nurse to suction the lungs. If the ventilator is needed for a long time or you have a lot of lung secretions, a person may need a tracheostomy (trach).Ī trach is a tube placed in the trachea (windpipe). If a ventilator is needed, a breathing tube will be placed in the mouth or nose, and then attached to the ventilator. If the SCI is cervical (in the neck), a person may need support breathing with a ventilator, either for a short time or forever.
If a person has a weak cough or cannot clear secretions from their lungs, they will be at higher risk for an infection, such as pneumonia. Coughing is needed to clear the lungs of secretions and bacteria. The muscles (diaphragm, intercostal, and abdominal) needed for breathing and coughing may become weak after an SCI. Spinal shock cannot be prevented and must resolve on its own. When spinal shock ends, spasticity or stiffness starts below the level that the spinal cord was injured. This is the temporary loss of all spinal cord reflexes below the level of injury. They may happen when the foot is touched or with coughing. Reflex movements can happen, but these are not movements that can be controlled. The spinal nerves below the level of injury get signals, but they are not able to go up the spinal tracts to the brain. When the spinal cord is damaged, the message from the brain cannot get through. Normally, messages are sent from the brain through the spinal cord to parts of the body, which leads to movement. Injuries to the spinal cord can affect many functions of the body, such as: Spinal cord reflexes
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